The rapid development of international criminal law has provoked great enthusiasm within legal circles and among human rights activists. Besides, this humanitarian “imperative” and its related fight against impunity have also stirred the creation of the International Criminal Court (ICC) and the indictment of several heads of States and military leaders before international criminal tribunals. Indeed, many military interventions in countries in conflict or crisis have been carried out in the name of humanitarian concerns, of a wide definition of national and international security, or of the “Responsibility to Protect” doctrine. But it has recently become an essential element of international diplomacy and therefore runs the risk of becoming victim of its own success.ĭuring the last decade, international humanitarian law and humanitarian action have played a key role in almost all the debates relative to the management of international peace and security. International humanitarian law has long been neglected for its paradoxical ambition to regulate armed conflict while lacking necessary international sanctions for its most serious violations, such as war crimes and other crimes against humanity. This body of law is argued and defended through action and, thus, is not the property of lawyers or specialists, and must be known and defended by as many people as possible. It is the arbiter that determines individuals’ survival in the face of violence committed by societies. International humanitarian law represents the ultimate reference in situations of crisis and conflict.
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